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      重視單詞背誦 專家談應(yīng)對上海高考英語新變化

      高考資訊網(wǎng)更新時間:2009-03-23文章來源:新民晚報作者:未知

      去年英語高考詞匯上的新變化,明顯對語言應(yīng)用能力提出了更高要求,必須多加注意——

        去年高考英語, 詞匯的應(yīng)用發(fā)生了變化, 原本的單項(xiàng)選擇, 改為根據(jù)語篇,在所給的詞中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~, 這樣的變化, 顯然對語言應(yīng)用能力提出了更高要求。

        雖然我們現(xiàn)在已淡化了語法,不過,沒有扎實(shí)的語法基礎(chǔ)和足夠的詞匯量,就不可能正確使用語言。如果說語言的學(xué)習(xí)像建造高樓大廈,那么,詞匯就相當(dāng)于磚瓦,語法則如同水泥,只有合理地結(jié)合或組合,才能建造出美麗堅(jiān)固的高樓大廈。

        就現(xiàn)階段而言,應(yīng)該重視單詞的背誦和詞匯的記憶——盡管這是一件非??菰锏氖隆8呖荚~匯手冊要天天背,同時要把高中階段的語法完整地復(fù)習(xí)一遍,因?yàn)楦咭?、高二所學(xué)的內(nèi)容,隨著時間的推移可能有遺忘,現(xiàn)在需要鞏固、提高。

        當(dāng)你有了語法和詞匯基本的知識,接下來則是如何具體練習(xí),下面從高考試卷中的語法選擇題進(jìn)行簡要分析

        1、語法選擇題(Choices: Grammar)

        在語法的學(xué)習(xí)中,比較重要的一部分是非謂語,它在高考中占的比率較大,其次是復(fù)句。語法的學(xué)習(xí)還要排除干擾項(xiàng)對語言運(yùn)用的影響。

        (1)非謂語的學(xué)習(xí)要考慮時態(tài)和語態(tài);——即:主動、被動;完成、進(jìn)行;

        a. The book is said to have been translated (translate) into several languages。(完成,被動)b. Being watched (watch) by a large audience, she felt nervous。(被動,進(jìn)行)c. Being exposed (expose) to the sun for a long time will do harm to your skin。(動名詞的被動語態(tài))d. He came in, his head hidden (hide) in his collar。(過去分詞)

        (2)名詞性從句和定語從句的學(xué)習(xí)要弄清關(guān)系代詞的關(guān)系,關(guān)系副詞的功能和作用;

        a. The reason which Mr. Smith explained to his manager for his delay in typing was that he was ill。(which-關(guān)系代詞作賓語);(that-關(guān)系代詞,引導(dǎo)同位語從句)

        b. The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at what we thought was a dangerous speed。(what-關(guān)系代詞,介詞賓語)

        c. If a shop has chairs where women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop. (where——關(guān)系副詞,表地點(diǎn))

        (3)干擾項(xiàng)的存在和句型結(jié)構(gòu)的變化引起的語法錯誤; 該部分很重要,請觀察下列句子。

        1. On hearing a great noise, Mike looked forward through the window ______(see) what happened outside the room。

        a. to seeing  b. to see        c. seeing  d. saw(干擾項(xiàng)為through the window)

        2. The day he was looking forward to ____ (come) at last.    (干擾項(xiàng)為he was looking forward to  定語從句)

        a. come b. coming c. came         d. comes

        3. Time should be made good use of __ (learn) our lesson well。

        a. learning b. to learning       c. to be learning  d. to learn (句型發(fā)生變化——主動變?yōu)楸粍?

        4. Space exploration has been made ____ with the development of modern science。

        a. possible b. it possible c. it was d. that being possible(結(jié)構(gòu)變化,賓語提前  space exploration)

        5. The scientists and technicians overcame a lot of difficulties ____ the personal computer。

        a. having developing b. they had developing c. they had developed d. which has to develop'(干擾項(xiàng)為they had,定語從句)  

        交大附中 高級教師 韓立新

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